![]() Woodruff's plexus is formed from contributions of the sphenopalatine (from maxillary a.), ascending pharyngeal (from external carotid) and the Internal maxillary veins. Woodruff's plexus: Confluence of vessels posterior to the middle turbinate that is often involved in posterior bleeds. Posterior bleeds: identification of posterior bleed origin may be hard to perform without proper equipment. Kiesselbach's plexus is formed by the Anterior Ethmoid (from internal carotid > ophthalmic a.), Superior labial (from facial a.), Ascending palatine and Sphenopalatine arteries (both from maxillary a). Pertinent AnatomyĪnterior Bleeds: most bleeds tend to involve the region of the anterior nasal septum known as Kiesselbach's plexus or Little's area Some authors tend to classify epistaxis into Local and Systemic causes into which the above etiologies are then grouped. ![]() * KTP laser of intra-nasal telangiectasias (HHT) (with or without Avastin injection) Systemic: coagulopathy, HTN, thrombocytopenia, DIC, dehydration, liver failure, telangiectatic diseases (see link below)*Įnvironmental related: dehydration of environment or seasonal air condition, nasal cannula O2, etc. Neoplastic: papilloma (Schneiderian), fibroma (JNA), squamous cell carcinoma, etcĭrug-Induced: aspirin, warfarin, other blood thinners, nasal sprays, chemo/radiation therapy Inflammatory: granulomatous disease, allergic rhinitis Traumatic: digital manipulation, abrasion (post nasal intubation, feeding tube, etc), fractures, etc ![]() ![]() New Latin, from Greek, from epistazein to drip on, to bleed at the nose again, from epi- + stazein to drip. ![]()
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